『Modern Nature: The Rise of the Biological Perspective in Germany』

Lynn K. Nyhart

(2009年4月刊行, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, xiv+423 pp., ISBN:9780226610894 [hbk] → 版元ページ

【目次】
Acknowledgments xi


Chapter 1. Introduction: The Biological Perspective and the Problem of a Modern Nature 1

 Identity, Mobility, and Place 8
 Popular Science and Populist Natural History 15
 The Biological Perspective and the History of Biology 20
 Ghosts and Shadows 25
 Tracing the Biological Perspective 31

Chapter 2. Bringing Life to Natural History 35

 Practical and Popular Natural History 35
 The Taxidermic Life 38
 Against the “Terrorism of System”: Martin on Taxidermic Displays 50
 Stuttgart: Representing Nature for the Fatherland 56
 Commercial Displays: Nature as Spectacle 61
 Bringing Nature’s Past to Life 67
 Public/Private, Science/Art, Elite/Popular: Natural History Institutions and Values 74

Chapter 3. The World in Miniature: Practical Natural History and the Zoo Movement 79

 The Zoo as a Cultural Institution 83
 Designing a World in Miniature 92
 Caring for Animals: From Daily Life to Nature Protection 107
 The Circulation of People and Ideas 117
 Conclusion 123

Chapter 4. From Practice to Theory: Karl Möbius and the Lebensgemeinschaft 125

 Karl Möbius: Upwardly Striving Youth 127
 Natural History in Hamburg 130
 Natural History Activist 132
 The Fauna of the Kiel Fjord 138
 From Hamburg to Kiel 145
 The Oyster and Oyster-Culture 152
 Conclusion: Social Mobility and Ecological Theory 158

Chapter 5. The “Living Community” in the Classroom 161

 Natural History and School Reform 165
 Friedrich Junge and The Village Pond 173
 The Spread of the Village Pond Gospel 181
 The Village Pond Curriculum as Heimatkunde 192
 Conclusion 195

Chapter 6. Reforming the Natural History Museum, 1880-1900 198

 The Emergence of the Professional Curator 203
 The Institutional Landscape 214
 Dual Arrangement 223
 The Museum as a Center for Biological Knowledge 240
 Conclusion 246

Chapter 7. Biological Groups, Nature, and Culture in the Museum 251

 The Kunde Projects 253
 The Museum für Natur-, Völker-, und Handelskunde in Bremen (1896) 257
 The Altona City Museum (1901) and Heimatkunde 268
 The Museum für Meereskunde (1906) 278
 Biological Groups, Modernity, and the Representation of Nature 289

Chapter 8. From Biology to Ecology 293

 Biologie and Secondary School Reform 295
 Biologie as Popular Natural History 307
 From Biology to Ecology 314
 Pedagogical, Popular, and Professional Ecology 320

Chapter 9. Museum Research and the Rise of Ecological Animal Geography 323

 Exploring Life in the Ocean 325
 Making Animal Geography Ecological 333
 Ecological versus Historical Zoogeography 344
 Ecological Animal Geography and the German Natural History Museum 352

Chapter 10. Modern Nature 355



Bibliography 369
Index 413